13 Jul 2022
The Hindu
Far apart: On Jaishankar-Wang Yi meeting on the sidelines of G20 summit
China seems to want to test India’s resolve (हल करना, संकल्प) to sustain (बनाए रखना, जारी रखना) its forward deployments (तैनाती)
The July 7 meeting between External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar and his Chinese counterpart (समकक्ष) Wang Yi, on the sidelines (it refers to a meeting/forum occurs at the same time as the scheduled meeting/forum, but is not itself an item on the agenda) of the G20 (The G20, formed in 1999, is a group of twenty of the world’s largest economies that meets regularly to coordinate global policy on trade, health, climate, and other issues. It brings together the world’s major advanced and emerging economies. The G20 comprises Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, EU, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Korea, Turkey, UK and USA. The G20 Countries together represent around 90% of global GDP, 80% of global trade, and two thirds of the world’s population) Foreign Ministers’ meet in Bali, served (के रूप में कार्य करना, सेवा कर) as a reminder of the curious (जिज्ञासु, रहस्यमय) state of affairs (मामलों के राज्य, स्थिति) in India’s relations with China. That the two Ministers had their second meeting in four months — Mr. Wang was in New Delhi in March — indicates both sides see value in continued (निरंतर, चल रहे) engagement (participation, taking part, involvement) and remain dissatisfied (असंतुष्ट, निराश) with the current low level of relations. The problem, however, is that the commonalities appear to end there. Mr. Jaishankar reiterated (बार बार दुहराना, फिर से कहना) India’s stand (stance, point of view, viewpoint, opinion, standpoint, position, policy), conveyed to China on numerous (several, various, many, countless, scores of, innumerable) occasions since the start of the LAC tensions (तनाव, दबाव, बेचैनी) in 2020, that normalcy (सामान्य स्थिति, नियमितता) would not be possible without a resolution (solution, settlement) of the boundary crisis and full disengagement (withdrawal, departure, retreat (of military troops from an area of conflict)) from all friction (disagreement, disunity, conflict, dispute, argument) areas. The MEA said the External Affairs Minister called for (require, need, necessitate, make necessary, demand, publicly ask for) an early resolution of all outstanding (unfinished, incomplete, remaining, pending, ongoing) issues, and reiterated the need to sustain the momentum (energy, push, force, strength, impetus) to complete disengagement from all the remaining areas.
It is, however, clear that Beijing does not appear to share that view. On the contrary (opposite, reverse, inverse, antithesis), recent actions suggest Beijing has no desire to resolve (settle, sort out, solve, find a solution to, set right) the row (dispute, quarrel, squabble, fight, disagreement, difference of opinion) immediately, which India reasonably (justifiably, legitimately, rightly, somewhat, relatively, comparatively) sees as a prerequisite (necessary condition, precondition, condition, requirement, necessity, imperative, obligation) for restoring normalcy in relations. Indeed (in fact, actually, undeniably), the official Chinese readout (an official statement summing up the main points of a meeting/phone call between two leaders) of the Bali talks failed to make a single mention (reference, comment, remark) of the LAC crisis, suggesting it is not a priority for Beijing. Instead, it emphasised (call/draw attention to, put stress on, underscore, highlight) Beijing’s current interest (common concerns (in politics/business)) in engaging with India on multilateral (involving many different countries/parties/organizations) groupings such as BRICS and the SCO, which China and Russia see as valuable platforms to counter (combat, confront, stand up to, oppose, resist, rebuff, rebut, repel) the West (The Western world/civilization consisting of the majority of Europe & the North America), and to promote, as Mr. Wang put (express, convey) it, “a fairer international order”. The Chinese military, meanwhile, has dragged its feet in responding with dates for the 16th round of military talks, marking (indicate, flag, show, identify, denote) the longest pause (break, interruption, discontinuation, interval) since the talks (discussions, negotiations, deliberation) began. At the last round, that was held as long as four months ago on March 11, both sides failed to achieve a breakthrough (very important/significant development or progress) to disengage (withdraw, pull out, leave, move out, retreat) at Patrolling Point (PPs are patrolling points identified and marked on the LAC, which are patrolled with a stipulated frequency by the security forces) 15 in Hot Springs (Hot Springs (Kyam) is the location of an Indian border checkpost operated by Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP) in the Chang Chenmo River valley in Ladakh near the disputed border with China. It is so named because there is a hot spring at this location. (hot spring is generally a spring (well head) with water at temperatures substantially higher than the air temperature of the surrounding region)). Depsang and Demchok (a village and military encampment in the Indian-administered Demchok sector that is disputed between India and China. It is administered as part of the Nyoma tehsil in the Leh district of Ladakh by India. and claimed by China as part of the Tibet Autonomous Region. The Line of Actual Control (LAC) with Tibet runs on the southeast side of the village along the Charding Nullah and continues along the Indus River) also remain unresolved. There is little expectation in New Delhi for an imminent (close/near, about to happen, approaching/impending) breakthrough, particularly with domestic politics in China on edge (tense, nervous, edgy, anxious, uneasy, unsettled) before the Party Congress (conference, convention, forum, meeting, gathering) this fall (one of the four temperate seasons spring, summer, autumn (or fall), and winter) when Xi Jinping will begin a third term and the military leadership will also see sweeping (comprehensive, all-inclusive, all-embracing, far-reaching) changes. The Chinese Foreign Minister, in Bali, said both countries “should push for the early return of bilateral (involving two groups or countries) relations to the right track”. That aspiration (ambition, hope, goal), however, contrasts (differ from, be at variance with, be contrary to, conflict with, go against) sharply with Beijing’s continued unwillingness (hesitation, disinclination, reluctance) to restore the status quo (the present situation, the current state, the existing state of affairs) of April 2020. The apparent (evident, obvious, clear, visible, discernible, perceivable, noticeable, recognizable) goal appears to be aimed at testing India’s resolve to sustain its forward deployments and to force New Delhi to accept a new normal at the LAC. Until that changes, the stalemate (deadlock, impasse, standstill/stand-off) along the borders, and in the relationship, is likely to endure (continue, sustain, last, persist, remain, stay, go on).
Courtesy: The Hindu
Important Word List With Meaning
1.summit (noun)
Hindi Meaning - सम्मेलन, बैठक
English Meaning - meeting, talk, discussion (between heads of government).
2.resolve (noun)
Hindi Meaning - हल करना, संकल्प
English Meaning - determination, willpower, firmness, resolution, courage.
3.sustain (verb)
Hindi Meaning - बनाए रखना, जारी रखना
English Meaning - continue, carry on, keep up, maintain.
4.deployment (noun)
Hindi Meaning - तैनाती
English Meaning - the act of employing forces/troops into effective action.
5.counterpart (noun)
Hindi Meaning - समकक्ष
English Meaning - someone or something that has the same job or purpose as another; equivalent, equal, fellow.
6.serve (verb)
Hindi Meaning - के रूप में कार्य करना, सेवा कर
English Meaning - act as, function as.
7.curious (adjective)
Hindi Meaning - जिज्ञासु, रहस्यमय
English Meaning - mystifying, mysterious, perplexing, baffling; perplexed, puzzled, baffled, mystified
8.state of affairs (phrase)
Hindi Meaning - मामलों के राज्य, स्थिति
English Meaning - condition, situation, circumstances, position.
9.continued (adjective)
Hindi Meaning - निरंतर, चल रहे
English Meaning - ongoing.
10.dissatisfied (adjective)
Hindi Meaning - असंतुष्ट, निराश
English Meaning - discontented, unsatisfied, disappointed, disaffected, disquieted, unhappy, disgruntled, upset, annoyed, aggrieved.
11.commonality (noun)
Hindi Meaning - समानता
English Meaning - common quality/attribute/feature.
12.reiterate (verb)
Hindi Meaning - बार बार दुहराना, फिर से कहना
English Meaning - repeat, say again, restate.
13.Line of Actual Control (LAC) (noun)
Hindi Meaning - वास्तविक नियंत्रण रेखा
English Meaning - the de-facto (effective) border between India and China. The LAC is a 4,057-km border running through three areas-Western (Ladakh, Ladakh (Kashmir)), middle (Uttarakhand, Himachal) and eastern (Sikkim, Arunachal).
14.tension (noun)
Hindi Meaning - तनाव, दबाव, बेचैनी
English Meaning - strained relations; strain, stress, pressure, unease.
15.normalcy (noun)
Hindi Meaning - सामान्य स्थिति, नियमितता
English Meaning - a normal condition; normality, regularity.
16.on the sidelines (phrase)
English Meaning - it refers to a meeting/forum occurs at the same time as the scheduled meeting/forum, but is not itself an item on the agenda.
17.G-20 (noun)
English Meaning - The G20, formed in 1999, is a group of twenty of the world’s largest economies that meets regularly to coordinate global policy on trade, health, climate, and other issues. It brings together the world’s major advanced and emerging economies. The G20 comprises Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, EU, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Korea, Turkey, UK and USA. The G20 Countries together represent around 90% of global GDP, 80% of global trade, and two thirds of the world’s population.
18.forward deployment (noun)
English Meaning - the act of employing armed forces, and persistent military facilities in a foreign country during peacetime.
19.engagement (noun)
English Meaning - participation, taking part, involvement.
20.stand (noun)
English Meaning - stance, point of view, viewpoint, opinion, standpoint, position, policy.
21.numerous (adjective)
English Meaning - several, various, many, countless, scores of, innumerable.
22.resolution (noun)
English Meaning - solution, settlement.
23.disengagement (noun)
English Meaning - withdrawal, departure, retreat (of military troops from an area of conflict).
24.friction (noun)
English Meaning - disagreement, disunity, conflict, dispute, argument.
25.friction points/friction areas (noun)
English Meaning - areas in conflict; points of Chinese ingress into hitherto India-controlled territory in Ladakh. These ‘friction points’ are Depsang, Galwan, Hot Springs, Gogra, North bank of Pangong Tso, Kailash Range and Demchok.
26.The Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) (noun)
English Meaning - The Ministry of External Affairs (abbreviated as MEA) of India, also known as the Foreign Ministry, is the government agency responsible for the conduct of foreign relations of India.
27.call for (phrasal verb)
English Meaning - require, need, necessitate, make necessary, demand, publicly ask for.
28.outstanding (adjective)
English Meaning - unfinished, incomplete, remaining, pending, ongoing.
29.momentum (noun)
English Meaning - energy, push, force, strength, impetus.
30.contrary (noun)
English Meaning - opposite, reverse, inverse, antithesis.
31.on the contrary (phrase)
English Meaning - conversely, in contrast, just the opposite.
32.resolve (verb)
English Meaning - settle, sort out, solve, find a solution to, set right.
33.row (noun)
English Meaning - dispute, quarrel, squabble, fight, disagreement, difference of opinion.
34.reasonably (adverb)
English Meaning - justifiably, legitimately, rightly, somewhat, relatively, comparatively.
35.prerequisite (noun)
English Meaning - necessary condition, precondition, condition, requirement, necessity, imperative, obligation.
36.indeed (adverb)
English Meaning - in fact, actually, undeniably.
37.readout (noun)
English Meaning - an official statement summing up the main points of a meeting/phone call between two leaders.
38.mention (noun)
English Meaning - reference, comment, remark.
39.emphasise (verb)
English Meaning - call/draw attention to, put stress on, underscore, highlight.
40.interest (noun)
English Meaning - common concerns (in politics/business).
41.multilateral (adjective)
English Meaning - involving many different countries/parties/organizations.
42.BRICS countries (plural noun)
English Meaning - the acronym coined to associate five major emerging national economies: Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. The BRICS members are known for their significant influence on regional affairs.
43.Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) (noun)
English Meaning - The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) is a permanent intergovernmental international organisation, the creation of which was announced on 15 June 2001 in Shanghai (China). The SCO currently comprises eight Member States (China, India, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Pakistan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan) and is seen as a counterweight to NATO (The North Atlantic Treaty Organization). It was established as a multilateral association to ensure security and maintain stability across the vast Eurasian region, join forces to counteract emerging challenges and threats, and enhance trade, as well as cultural and humanitarian cooperation.
44.counter (verb)
English Meaning - combat, confront, stand up to, oppose, resist, rebuff, rebut, repel.
45.the West (noun)
English Meaning - The Western world/civilization consisting of the majority of Europe & the North America.
46.put (verb)
English Meaning - express, convey.
47.world/international/global order (noun)
English Meaning - the arrangement of power and authority that provides the system for the conduct of diplomacy and world politics in relation to the entire world.
48.drag one’s feet (phrase)
English Meaning - delay, procrastinate, postpone action, put off doing something, use delaying tactics, take one’s time.
49.mark (verb)
English Meaning - indicate, flag, show, identify, denote.
50.pause (noun)
English Meaning - break, interruption, discontinuation, interval.
51.talks (noun)
English Meaning - discussions, negotiations, deliberation.
52.hold (verb)
English Meaning - conduct, organize.
53.breakthrough (noun)
English Meaning - very important/significant development or progress.
54.disengage (verb)
English Meaning - withdraw, pull out, leave, move out, retreat.
55.patrolling points (PPs) (noun)
English Meaning - PPs are patrolling points identified and marked on the LAC, which are patrolled with a stipulated frequency by the security forces.
56.base (noun)
English Meaning - camp, post, headquarters (of the armed forces).
57.hot springs (noun)
English Meaning - Hot Springs (Kyam) is the location of an Indian border checkpost operated by Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP) in the Chang Chenmo River valley in Ladakh near the disputed border with China. It is so named because there is a hot spring at this location. (hot spring is generally a spring (well head) with water at temperatures substantially higher than the air temperature of the surrounding region).
58.Depsang plains (noun)
English Meaning - The Depsang plains lie south of DBO (Daulat Beg Oldie post) in a strategic area that the military calls Sub-Sector North (SSN). DBO is the country’s northernmost outpost where India operates an advanced landing ground to support its forward military deployments. The Depsang Plains are large plains that are suitable for driving armoured carriers, artillery and mechanised units, which is unusual at the height of about 17,000 feet above sea level. The Depsang plains are strategically important as it provides a flat surface amid the mountainous terrain which can be used by either of the two countries to launch a military offensive, similar to the Spanggur Gap in the Chushul sub-sector.
59.Demchok (plains) (noun)
English Meaning - a village and military encampment in the Indian-administered Demchok sector that is disputed between India and China. It is administered as part of the Nyoma tehsil in the Leh district of Ladakh by India. and claimed by China as part of the Tibet Autonomous Region. The Line of Actual Control (LAC) with Tibet runs on the southeast side of the village along the Charding Nullah and continues along the Indus River.
60.imminent (adjective)
English Meaning - close/near, about to happen, approaching/impending.
61.on edge (phrase)
English Meaning - tense, nervous, edgy, anxious, uneasy, unsettled.
62.Chinese Communist Party (CCP) (noun)
English Meaning - also known as the Communist Party of China (CPC); it is the founding and ruling political party of modern China, officially known as the People’s Republic of China (PRC).
63.congress (noun)
English Meaning - conference, convention, forum, meeting, gathering.
64.fall (noun)
English Meaning - one of the four temperate seasons spring, summer, autumn (or fall), and winter.
65.sweeping (adjective)
English Meaning - comprehensive, all-inclusive, all-embracing, far-reaching.
66.bilateral (adjective)
English Meaning - involving two groups or countries.
67.aspiration (noun)
English Meaning - ambition, hope, goal.
68.contrast (verb)
English Meaning - differ from, be at variance with, be contrary to, conflict with, go against.
69.unwillingness (noun)
English Meaning - hesitation, disinclination, reluctance.
70.status quo (noun)
English Meaning - the present situation, the current state, the existing state of affairs.
71.apparent (adjective)
English Meaning - evident, obvious, clear, visible, discernible, perceivable, noticeable, recognizable.
72.the new normal (phrase)
English Meaning - an earlier unusual situation that becomes a standard now.
73.stalemate (noun)
English Meaning - deadlock, impasse, standstill/stand-off.
74.endure (verb)
English Meaning - continue, sustain, last, persist, remain, stay, go on.
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